"grunten" meaning in Middle English

See grunten in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈɡruntən/
Etymology: Inherited from Old English grunnettan, from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną. Equivalent to groynen + -ten. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|grunnettan|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English grunnettan, {{inh+|enm|ang|grunnettan}} Inherited from Old English grunnettan, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*grunnattjan}} Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*grunnatjaną}} Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną, {{af|enm|groynen|-ten}} groynen + -ten Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} grunten, {{enm-verb|grunteth|gruntynge|grunte|grunt}} grunten (third-person singular simple present grunteth, present participle gruntynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative grunte, past participle grunt) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|grunt|c=te|c2=ed|y=0}} Forms: grunteth [present, singular, third-person], gruntynge [participle, present], grunte [first-person, indicative, past, singular, third-person], grunt [participle, past], weak [table-tags], grunten [infinitive], to grunten [infinitive], grunte [infinitive], grunte [first-person, present, singular], grunte [first-person, past, singular], grunted [first-person, past, singular], gruntest [present, second-person, singular], gruntest [past, second-person, singular], gruntedest [past, second-person, singular], grunteth [present, singular, third-person], grunte [past, singular, third-person], grunted [past, singular, third-person], grunte [present, singular, subjunctive], grunte [past, singular, subjunctive], grunted [past, singular, subjunctive], grunte [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], grunten [plural, present], grunte [plural, present], grunten [past, plural], grunte [past, plural], grunteden [past, plural], gruntede [past, plural], grunteth [imperative, plural, present], grunte [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], gruntynge [participle, present], gruntende [participle, present], grunt [participle, past], grunted [participle, past]
  1. To grunt or groan as or like an animal; to make beastly calls. Categories (topical): Animal sounds
    Sense id: en-grunten-enm-verb-Gs1lQLuH Disambiguation of Animal sounds: 45 49 5
  2. To moan; to make a groaning or moaning sound. Categories (topical): Animal sounds, Sound
    Sense id: en-grunten-enm-verb-t4i8rR8a Disambiguation of Animal sounds: 45 49 5 Disambiguation of Sound: 31 69 0
  3. (rare) To grind teeth together. Tags: rare Categories (topical): Teeth
    Sense id: en-grunten-enm-verb-0RAHssbP Disambiguation of Teeth: 11 8 81
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: gronte, gronten, grunt, grunte, grunton Derived forms: gruntynge Related terms: grinten

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "gruntynge"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "grunt"
          },
          "expansion": "English: grunt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: grunt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "grunt"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: grunt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: grunt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "grunnettan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English grunnettan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "grunnettan"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English grunnettan",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*grunnattjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grunnatjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "groynen",
        "3": "-ten"
      },
      "expansion": "groynen + -ten",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English grunnettan, from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną. Equivalent to groynen + -ten.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grunteth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunt",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "grunten",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grunteth",
        "2": "gruntynge",
        "3": "grunte",
        "4": "grunt"
      },
      "expansion": "grunten (third-person singular simple present grunteth, present participle gruntynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative grunte, past participle grunt)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grunt",
        "c": "te",
        "c2": "ed",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "grinten"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 49 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Animal sounds",
          "orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
          "parents": [
            "Sounds",
            "Vocalizations",
            "Sound",
            "Communication",
            "Energy",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To grunt or groan as or like an animal; to make beastly calls."
      ],
      "id": "en-grunten-enm-verb-Gs1lQLuH",
      "links": [
        [
          "grunt",
          "grunt"
        ],
        [
          "groan",
          "groan"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 49 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Animal sounds",
          "orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
          "parents": [
            "Sounds",
            "Vocalizations",
            "Sound",
            "Communication",
            "Energy",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sound",
          "orig": "enm:Sound",
          "parents": [
            "Energy",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To moan; to make a groaning or moaning sound."
      ],
      "id": "en-grunten-enm-verb-t4i8rR8a",
      "links": [
        [
          "moan",
          "moan"
        ],
        [
          "groaning",
          "groaning"
        ],
        [
          "moaning",
          "moaning"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 81",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Teeth",
          "orig": "enm:Teeth",
          "parents": [
            "Mouth",
            "Face",
            "Head and neck",
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To grind teeth together."
      ],
      "id": "en-grunten-enm-verb-0RAHssbP",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To grind teeth together."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡruntən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "gronte"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "gronten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "grunt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "grunte"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "grunton"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grunten"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -ten",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Animal sounds",
    "enm:Sound",
    "enm:Teeth"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "gruntynge"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
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      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
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          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "grunt"
          },
          "expansion": "English: grunt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: grunt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "grunt"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: grunt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: grunt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "grunnettan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English grunnettan",
      "name": "inh"
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "grunnettan"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English grunnettan",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*grunnattjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grunnatjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "groynen",
        "3": "-ten"
      },
      "expansion": "groynen + -ten",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English grunnettan, from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną. Equivalent to groynen + -ten.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grunteth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunt",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gruntende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grunted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "grunten",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grunteth",
        "2": "gruntynge",
        "3": "grunte",
        "4": "grunt"
      },
      "expansion": "grunten (third-person singular simple present grunteth, present participle gruntynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative grunte, past participle grunt)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grunt",
        "c": "te",
        "c2": "ed",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "grinten"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To grunt or groan as or like an animal; to make beastly calls."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grunt",
          "grunt"
        ],
        [
          "groan",
          "groan"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To moan; to make a groaning or moaning sound."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "moan",
          "moan"
        ],
        [
          "groaning",
          "groaning"
        ],
        [
          "moaning",
          "moaning"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To grind teeth together."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To grind teeth together."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡruntən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gronte"
    },
    {
      "word": "gronten"
    },
    {
      "word": "grunt"
    },
    {
      "word": "grunte"
    },
    {
      "word": "grunton"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grunten"
}

Download raw JSONL data for grunten meaning in Middle English (6.0kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.